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The sport of Australian football has been called by a number of different names throughout its history; but since 1905, after the formation of the Australasian Football Council, the game has been officially called "Australian football"; and the name has been codified by the sport's governing body, the AFL Commission, as the game's official name, in the "Laws of Australian football".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About the AFL: Australian Football (Official title of the code) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=AFL Rules – Laws of the Game )〕 Historically, the sport has been called "Victorian rules" (referring to its origins in Melbourne), the "Victorian game", the "bouncing game", "Australasian rules", the "Australian game" and "national football", as well as several other names. Today, the common names for the sport are "Australian rules football" or "football", and common nicknames for the sport are "footy", "Aussie rules" or sometimes "AFL" (a genericised abbreviation of Australian Football League, the sport's largest competition and only fully professional league). ==Historical names== The first "Laws of Australian football" were established in Melbourne in 1859 by Tom Wills of the Melbourne Football Club. This led to the development of the terms "the Victorian Game" or "Victorian Rules",〔(THE VICTORIAN GAME. ) – ''Brisbane Courier''. Published 27 July 1903. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 although in Victoria, the general term was just "football" as early as 1860.〔(FOOTBALL. MELBOURNE V. RICHMOND ) – ''The Argus''. Published 14 May 1860. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 As late as 1954, the term "Melbourne Rules" was being used by newspapers in New South Wales and Queensland to differentiate the game from other football codes.〔(Melbourne Rules ) – ''The Sunday Herald''. Published 21 September 1952. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕〔(Melbourne Rules ) – ''The Courier-Mail''. Published 15 June 1954. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 Another term was "the bouncing game", used mostly in Western Australia in the 1880s and 1890s to differentiate from the other codes, where bouncing was not permitted.〔(FOOTBALL RULES. ) – ''The West Australian''. Published 16 May 1882. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 The name "Australian football" was in use outside of Victoria by the late 19th century. A variant of this, acknowledging the popularity of the sport in New Zealand, was "Australasian football".〔(THE AUSTRALASIAN GAME. ) – ''The West Australian''. Published 3 May 1911. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 The 1908 Jubilee Australasian Football Carnival featured a team from New Zealand, but the popularity of the sport declined there after World War I. In 1927, the Australasian Football Council changed its name to the Australian National Football Council, to acknowledge that the sport was no longer being played competitively in New Zealand. State leagues were encouraged to include the term "Australian National" in their title, with the South Australian Football League (SAFL) becoming the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) in 1927, the Tasmanian Football League (TFL) becoming the Tasmanian Australian National Football League (TANFL) in 1928, and the West Australian Football League (WAFL) becoming the Western Australian National Football League (WANFL) in 1931. It was proposed that the Victorian Football League (VFL) become the Victorian Australian National Football League; however, this did not occur.〔(National Game. ) – ''The Advocate''. Published 9 August, 1927. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 Several distinctions were made in the three major footballing states regarding the quality of play across different leagues. In Victoria, the League football was considered superior to Association football (not to be confused with British association football, also known as soccer); and for a time in the 1930s and 1940s, the distinction between the two competitions was necessary because they had sufficiently significant differences in rules that they were considered to be separate codes, similar to the distinction between rugby league and rugby union. In Western Australia, this distinction was also made between the West Australian Football League and the West Australian Football Association (formerly the 1st Rate Juniors competition), though the latter integrated into the WAFL reserves in 1921. There was also a distinction made in WA between the "coastal" (WAFL) and "'fields" (Goldfields Football League) leagues, who played each other regularly in the state premiership.〔(COASTAL EIGHTEEN V. GOLDFIELDS ) – ''The West Australian''. Published 23 July 1901. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 In the 19th century, there was also a distinction made in most leagues between "senior" and "junior" football; this was not to do with age, rather with quality of play. In December 1948, a controversy occurred when Dame Enid Lyons, the Member for Darwin, referred to Australian football as "our national game" in Parliament.〔(National Game ) – ''The Examiner''. Published 10 December 1948. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 This was rebuffed by the Prime Minister at the time, Ben Chifley, a New South Welshman, who suggested Lyons was "treading on dangerous ground". The secretary of the ANFC, Percy Page, sent a telegram reading: "Congratulations on your stand. The Prime Minister's obvious lack of knowledge of Australian sport is most regrettable."〔(AUSTRALIA'S "NATIONAL" GAME UPHELD ) – ''The West Australian''. Published 9 December 1948. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 9 November 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Names of Australian rules football」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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